History and origin
Assembled around 1850 by James Hinks of Birmingham from the white English terrier, the bulldog and the Dalmatian. He wanted a dog visibly distinct from the fighting lines — the result is the only breed with a downfaced, egg-shaped head and no stop.
Temperament
Courageous, full of spirit and fun-loving. The standard describes it as even-tempered and amenable to discipline, though obstinate. It is strikingly friendly with people; the stubbornness is a trait of character, not disobedience.
Care
The short coat is undemanding, though white dogs need protection from the sun. Up to an hour of exercise a day. The breed needs consistency and something sensible to do — boredom turns into destruction.
Health
White dogs are tested for congenital deafness (BAER test). Hereditary nephropathy is covered by DNA test; the heart is screened for mitral dysplasia and the skin watched. The standard sets neither a weight nor a height limit for the breed.
Who it suits
For a household that can handle the temperament and has a sense of humour. Reservations with children — not from ill will, but from strength and roughness in play. Reservations for a first-time owner.
Original use
Terrier.
Current use
Family companion.