History and origin
Developed in Australia in the 19th century by crossing imported herding dogs with the dingo — graziers needed a dog that could drive cattle hundreds of kilometres in the heat. The result is a hard, enduring dog that works by heeling.
Temperament
Loyalty and protective instinct make it a self-appointed guardian of the stockman, the herd and the property. Naturally suspicious of strangers, it must nonetheless be amenable to handling. This is a worker that needs a task.
Care
The short, hard coat is brushed weekly. The demands lie elsewhere: more than two hours of exercise a day plus mental work. The urge to drive and nip at heels must be redirected from puppyhood, or it will find its own herd — children, say, or bicycles.
Health
DNA tests cover progressive retinal atrophy (prcd-PRA) and the hereditary deafness that occurs in the breed. Hip dysplasia and lens luxation are screened.
Who it suits
For an active owner, ideally with a job for the dog. Reservations with children for the herding instinct. Not a breed for a first dog, nor for a quiet household.
Original use
Cattle dog.
Current use
Working farm dog; dog sports and companion for an active owner.